Press, Religion, Speech, Assembly, Petition
The Tinker Standard
- Tinker vs. Des Moines School District
- Black Armbands in 1965
- Students speech cannot be censored as long as it doesn't " materially disrupt class work or involve substantial disorder or invasion of the rights of others"
The Fraser Standard
- Bethel School District vs. Fraser
- Innapropriate speech for class president
- Because school officials have an "interest in teaching students the boundaries of socially appropriate behavior," they can censor student speech that is vulgar or indecent, even if it doesn't casue a "material or substantial disruption."
The Hazelwood Standard
- Hazelwood School District vs. Kuhlmeier (1988)
- Censor stories in student newspaper about teen pregnancy and divorce
- Censorship of school-sponsored student expression is permissable when school officials can show that it is "reasonably related to legitimate pedogogical concerns."
The Frederick Standard (June 25, 2007)
- January 2002, Olympic torch travels through town
- Principal Morse cancels school
- Senior Frederick unveils banner on the sidewalk across street which reads "Bong hits 4 Jesus"
- Suspended for 10 days
Elements of Libel
- A defamatory statement
- Published to at least one other person
- Has to be false (opinions are not libel)
Elements of Slander
- Similar to libel but spoken
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